Child, parenthood planning and reproductive technologies. We answer the most common questions

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Nowadays, people have an incredible array of technologies that allow them to conceive, carry, and deliver a child in situations that were considered hopeless just a few decades ago. People turn to reproductive technologies for very different reasons. These are problems with fertility, and a lifestyle that does not allow easy family planning. War also makes its corrections. However, even the latest reproductive technologies have their peculiarities and limitations. If you know them in time, you will be able to use them as efficiently as possible and take into account your own life situation. To do this, we talked to a reproductive doctor, chief doctor of the Ivimed clinic, doctor of medical sciences Halyna Strelko. Halyna Strelko, reproductive specialist, chief doctor of the Ivimed clinic, doctor of medical sciences We will try to answer the most common questions. My partner and I have fertility problems and want to use the services of a reproductive clinic. However, we have often heard that children born as a result of artificial insemination may have more health problems because of it. Is it true? No, it’s not quite like that. Any myths are based on something and are often the result of incorrect cause-and-effect relationships or a banal lack of information. “If we talk about reproductive technologies, they are needed by people who have certain nuances with health, certain medical conditions. Often these are older people, these are people who already have reproductive problems. Such couples have higher risks of miscarriages, premature births and other complications of childbirth and pregnancy. However, the procedure itself does not make children born with the help of reproductive technologies “somewhat different,” notes Galina Strelko. If I have infertility, does this mean that I will not be able to do without “artificial insemination”? Not at all necessary. According to Galina Strelko, approximately 50% of infertility cases can definitely be cured conventionally, with the help of medications or surgical intervention. However, in some cases, reproductive technologies such as in vitro fertilization (IVF) cannot be coped with. As the doctor explains, in the first place these are: obstruction of the fallopian tubes, endometriosis, critically low sperm count in men, etc. IVF can also help those couples who also experienced multiple miscarriages due to genetic problems. Ivimed clinic That is, if we cannot get pregnant for a long time, should we check the husband as well? Necessarily! The male factor is a frequent cause of infertility in couples. Approximately 30-40% of men have infertility. Therefore, not examining your partner is just a waste of time. Even if a man, at first glance, is completely healthy and has no problems with erectile function, he can still have infertility. And if my husband is healthy, but soon he should be sent to the front? Could we freeze his sperm to be able to conceive a child even in case of injury or if the worst happens Of course. In addition, in the case of men, this procedure is quick, painless and requires a minimum of preparation. “If we are talking about such an emergency situation, we can handle it in an hour. It is advisable to refrain from sexual intercourse for 2-3 days before the procedure, not to drink alcohol. The man will be checked for basic infections, such as HIV, syphilis, etc., and the material will be collected,” explains Strelko . Ivymed clinic And what does a woman’s preparation for IVF look like? Of course, the process is more complicated than for men. It can be divided into the following stages: ovarian stimulation; suppression of spontaneous ovulation; retrieval of eggs; fertilization; transfer of the embryo to the uterus. “Ova cells are obtained by transvaginal puncture. This is an invasive procedure, which means it has a higher risk of complications. Therefore, a woman’s examination should be more thorough in terms of her general health. For example, in addition to general tests for infections, a general blood test, an analysis for blood coagulation, ultrasound of the mammary glands. If a woman has a tumor, hormonal medications can cause harm,” the doctor explains. Ivimed clinic So I will need to take hormones to prepare for the procedure? Won’t it hurt? I won’t gain weight? No, the risks of complications nowadays are very low and there should not be any significant weight gain either. Many fears are based on the fact that in the past, when IVF was still a relatively new procedure, ovarian hyperstimulation was not always safe. But currently this procedure has been improved and it does not pose a threat to a woman’s life and health. “In order to get several eggs, a woman takes medications that stimulate the multiple growth of follicles. These drugs are follicle-stimulating hormone, which is produced in women throughout their lives and more actively from the age of 12-13. In this way, we get, on average, not one, but 8 – 15 eggs. However, it all depends on the number of small follicles that are in the ovary at the time of stimulation. It can be a much larger number, or maybe 1-2 eggs, even if adequate doses of stimulation drugs are prescribed. For one egg, the chances of pregnancy about 6%. Such therapy will last approximately 10 days. During these 10 days, it will be difficult to gain any major weight gain,” the doctor reassures. Ivymed clinic. Stereomicroscope in laminar. What if I’m not sure I want a baby now? Can I come to the reproductive clinic when I am mature and just do artificial insemination? It’s not that simple. The resources of our body are limited, and sometimes the number and condition of eggs do not allow fertilization to be carried out with a woman’s egg. “Sometimes, due to a woman’s age or health characteristics, we can only spread our hands and offer a donor egg. But not everyone is ready to accept such an option psychologically. Therefore, I personally advise you to evaluate your own egg reserve at the age of 25-30. Ask your mother, grandmother, did they have early menopause, because it is often hereditary. It happens that a woman faces difficult treatment, which can negatively affect reproductive function, and saved eggs will allow to conceive and bear a child after recovery,” the doctor notes. Station IX It must be recognized that the quality and quantity of eggs is highly correlated with the age of the woman. For example, at the age of 25-30, the number of eggs with genetic abnormalities is 25-30%. At the age of 44, it is already 80-90% Infographics Ivimed And if I want a child, but I do not have a partner and I am not sure whether I will have a permanent one. Can I use donor sperm? Study the profile of the future father of my child as much as possible. Yes of course. Reproductive clinics use sperm from verified sperm banks or examine donors themselves. The donor can provide not only basic data about himself, such as, for example, age, state of health, profession, etc. Some may also add children’s photos. “Ukrainian men can also provide sperm, but according to our legislation, a man must have at least one biological child to prove his fertility. Sperm donors are also carefully examined. In Ukraine, there are also cryobanks where men are examined and selected for further participation in donation programs,” says the doctor. Ivymed clinic. Centrifuge. Dewars with nitrogen for storing biomaterials. ***Regardless of what exactly leads you to believe that reproductive technology is right for you, the most important thing to know about this method is that it is safe, increasingly available, and allows you to approach life with more careful planning than this was possible even 10 years ago. The first successful artificial insemination occurred in 1978. As a result, a healthy girl, Louise Brown, was born. Now she is an adult woman, the mother of two children, who conceived completely naturally. In 2010, this first attempt was awarded the Nobel Prize. But the most important thing is that it can be considered a starting point in reproductive technologies, which gave millions of families long-awaited and healthy children. If you want to roughly understand your risks of reproductive problems, then you can take this test. It provides basic guidelines based on scientific medical data. Only a doctor can determine the exact risks or their absence.

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